| Employee Benefits Expense |
13. Employee benefits expense
Employee benefits expense are detailed as follows:
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For the year ended December 31, |
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2023 |
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2022 |
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2021 |
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(EUR thousand) |
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Included in Cost of sales: |
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Wages and salaries |
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175,090 |
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154,852 |
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134,619 |
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Social security costs |
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40,025 |
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30,721 |
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25,610 |
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Pension costs |
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7,036 |
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5,970 |
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4,917 |
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Share-based payment expense |
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113 |
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287 |
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— |
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Included in Selling and Marketing expenses: |
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Wages and salaries |
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12,423 |
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13,978 |
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12,716 |
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Social security costs |
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2,442 |
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1,606 |
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1,531 |
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Pension costs |
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390 |
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433 |
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403 |
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Share-based payment expense |
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57 |
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1,024 |
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— |
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Included in Research and Development expenses: |
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Wages and salaries |
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14,430 |
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12,463 |
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9,089 |
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Social security costs |
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1,862 |
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1,496 |
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1,270 |
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Pension costs |
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466 |
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358 |
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331 |
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Share-based payment expense |
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167 |
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800 |
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— |
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Included in General and Administrative expenses: |
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Wages and salaries |
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24,518 |
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22,272 |
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26,106 |
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Social security costs |
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4,846 |
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3,612 |
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3,589 |
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Pension costs |
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699 |
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510 |
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545 |
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Cash settled awards |
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— |
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— |
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(10,831 |
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Share-based payment expense |
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1,639 |
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5,991 |
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1,740 |
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Total employee benefits expense |
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286,203 |
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256,373 |
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211,635 |
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The average size of the Group's workforce during the year is as follows:
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For the year ended December 31, |
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2023 |
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2022 |
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2021 |
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Executives |
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70 |
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57 |
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51 |
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Managers |
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211 |
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137 |
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126 |
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Employees |
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5,260 |
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4,781 |
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4,284 |
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Total Workforce |
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5,541 |
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4,975 |
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4,461 |
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